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Authors differ in whether they show vowel harmony in producing, along with whether or not they publish clitics as different phrases.

The Latin orthography of Wolof in Senegal was set by authorities decrees among 1971 and 1985. The language institute "Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar" (CLAD) is broadly acknowledged as an authority On the subject of spelling principles for Wolof.

In Wolof, verbs are unchangeable stems that cannot be conjugated. To precise distinct tenses or elements of an action, personalized pronouns are conjugated ??not the verbs.

As an example, the verb dem means "to go"; the temporal pronoun naa signifies "I now/surely", the temporal pronoun dinaa means "I am soon / I will soon / I is going to be shortly"; the temporal pronoun damay suggests "I (am) consistently/generally".

The vowels of some suffixes or enclitics never harmonize with previous vowels. Typically pursuing vowels harmonize with them. That may be, they reset the harmony, as whenever they have been a independent term.

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In City Wolof, spoken in massive cities like Dakar, the post -bi is commonly used like a generic post when the particular report just isn't recognized.

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There are no ?�ATR analogs on the high vowels i u. They result in +ATR harmony in suffixes after they happen in the basis, but inside of a suffix, They might be clear to vowel harmony.

A speaker might Specific that an action Definitely occurred previously by introducing the suffix -(w)oon on the verb (inside a sentence, the temporal pronoun remains to be used in a conjugated sort along with the previous marker):

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دࣷوم�?آد??? ?ࣺݒ�?د????? ج?د??? ???? ?? ت???ࣹي�???? س?گ? ا?ک? س?ݧ?-س?ݧ?.

?ࣹک�??? ا?ت? ک? خ??? دࣴ�??ت�?اࣵ‎ن�???? خࣹلَمْ�?ت�???ر? ??ا جࣴفْلَنْتࣹ ا?ک? ?????ࣹينْ�?ت�?تࣹ�??ک�??? ?ࣵلُ�??بࣷک�?

The 1st syllable of phrases is stressed; prolonged vowels are pronounced with much more time but aren't mechanically pressured, as They can be in English.

The subsequent sentences can be constructed: Dem naa. "I am going already / I've now gone." ??Dinaa dem. "I'll go soon / I am just about to go." ??Damay dem. "I ordinarily/consistently/Typically/am going to go."

In the consonants from the chart earlier mentioned, p d c k tend not to come about inside the intermediate or ultimate placement, currently being replaced by f r s and zero, although geminate pp dd cc kk are typical. Phonetic p c k do happen finally, but only as allophones of b j g because of final devoicing. per cent of the populace discuss Wolof as a first language, it's got a disproportionate affect as a result of its prevalence in Banjul, the Gambian capital, the place seventy five % of the populace use it as a primary language.

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States of the Wolof Empire Wolof is spoken by much more than 10 million people and about forty % (close to 5 million people) of Senegal's populace speak Wolof as their indigenous language. Elevated mobility, and particularly the growth on the capital Dakar, established the need for a standard language: these days, yet another 40 per cent of the inhabitants communicate Wolof for a second or obtained language.

Example: The verb dem signifies "to go" and cannot be adjusted; the temporal pronoun maa ngi implies "I/me, in this article and now"; the temporal pronoun dinaa signifies "I'm quickly / I'll soon / I are going to read more be quickly".}